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Genomic instability and inflammation are intricately connected hallmark features of cancer. DNA repair defects due to BRCA1/2 mutation instigate immune signaling through the cGAS/STING pathway. The subsequent inflammatory signaling provides both tumor-suppressive as well as tumor-promoting traits. To prevent clearance by the immune system, genomically instable cancer cells need to adapt to escape immune surveillance. Currently, it is unclear how genomically unstable cancers, including BRCA1/2-mutant tumors, are rewired to escape immune clearance. Here, we summarize the mechanisms by which genomic instability triggers inflammatory signaling and describe adaptive mechanisms by which cancer cells can 'fly under the radar' of the immune system. Additionally, we discuss how therapeutic activation of the immune system may improve treatment of genomically instable cancers.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.trecan.2021.12.003

Type

Journal article

Journal

Trends Cancer

Publication Date

03/2022

Volume

8

Pages

174 - 189

Keywords

BRCA1, BRCA2, STING, cGAS, genomic instability, immune checkpoints, inflammation, mitosis, BRCA1 Protein, DNA Repair, Genomic Instability, Humans, Inflammation, Neoplasms, Signal Transduction