Identification and characterization of novel associations in the CASP8/ALS2CR12 region on chromosome 2 with breast cancer risk.
Lin W-Y., Camp NJ., Ghoussaini M., Beesley J., Michailidou K., Hopper JL., Apicella C., Southey MC., Stone J., Schmidt MK., Broeks A., Van't Veer LJ., Th Rutgers EJ., Muir K., Lophatananon A., Stewart-Brown S., Siriwanarangsan P., Fasching PA., Haeberle L., Ekici AB., Beckmann MW., Peto J., Dos-Santos-Silva I., Fletcher O., Johnson N., Bolla MK., Wang Q., Dennis J., Sawyer EJ., Cheng T., Tomlinson I., Kerin MJ., Miller N., Marmé F., Surowy HM., Burwinkel B., Guénel P., Truong T., Menegaux F., Mulot C., Bojesen SE., Nordestgaard BG., Nielsen SF., Flyger H., Benitez J., Zamora MP., Arias Perez JI., Menéndez P., González-Neira A., Pita G., Alonso MR., Alvarez N., Herrero D., Anton-Culver H., Brenner H., Dieffenbach AK., Arndt V., Stegmaier C., Meindl A., Lichtner P., Schmutzler RK., Müller-Myhsok B., Brauch H., Brüning T., Ko Y-D., GENICA Network None., Tessier DC., Vincent D., Bacot F., Nevanlinna H., Aittomäki K., Blomqvist C., Khan S., Matsuo K., Ito H., Iwata H., Horio A., Bogdanova NV., Antonenkova NN., Dörk T., Lindblom A., Margolin S., Mannermaa A., Kataja V., Kosma V-M., Hartikainen JM., kConFab Investigators None., Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group None., Wu AH., Tseng C-C., Van Den Berg D., Stram DO., Neven P., Wauters E., Wildiers H., Lambrechts D., Chang-Claude J., Rudolph A., Seibold P., Flesch-Janys D., Radice P., Peterlongo P., Manoukian S., Bonanni B., Couch FJ., Wang X., Vachon C., Purrington K., Giles GG., Milne RL., Mclean C., Haiman CA., Henderson BE., Schumacher F., Le Marchand L., Simard J., Goldberg MS., Labrèche F., Dumont M., Teo SH., Yip CH., Hassan N., Vithana EN., Kristensen V., Zheng W., Deming-Halverson S., Shrubsole MJ., Long J., Winqvist R., Pylkäs K., Jukkola-Vuorinen A., Kauppila S., Andrulis IL., Knight JA., Glendon G., Tchatchou S., Devilee P., Tollenaar RAEM., Seynaeve C., Van Asperen CJ., García-Closas M., Figueroa J., Lissowska J., Brinton L., Czene K., Darabi H., Eriksson M., Brand JS., Hooning MJ., Hollestelle A., Van Den Ouweland AMW., Jager A., Li J., Liu J., Humphreys K., Shu X-O., Lu W., Gao Y-T., Cai H., Cross SS., Reed MWR., Blot W., Signorello LB., Cai Q., Pharoah PDP., Perkins B., Shah M., Blows FM., Kang D., Yoo K-Y., Noh D-Y., Hartman M., Miao H., Chia KS., Putti TC., Hamann U., Luccarini C., Baynes C., Ahmed S., Maranian M., Healey CS., Jakubowska A., Lubinski J., Jaworska-Bieniek K., Durda K., Sangrajrang S., Gaborieau V., Brennan P., Mckay J., Slager S., Toland AE., Yannoukakos D., Shen C-Y., Hsiung C-N., Wu P-E., Ding S-L., Ashworth A., Jones M., Orr N., Swerdlow AJ., Tsimiklis H., Makalic E., Schmidt DF., Bui QM., Chanock SJ., Hunter DJ., Hein R., Dahmen N., Beckmann L., Aaltonen K., Muranen TA., Heikkinen T., Irwanto A., Rahman N., Turnbull CA., Breast and Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility (BOCS) Study None., Waisfisz Q., Meijers-Heijboer HEJ., Adank MA., Van Der Luijt RB., Hall P., Chenevix-Trench G., Dunning A., Easton DF., Cox A.
Previous studies have suggested that polymorphisms in CASP8 on chromosome 2 are associated with breast cancer risk. To clarify the role of CASP8 in breast cancer susceptibility, we carried out dense genotyping of this region in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning a 1 Mb region around CASP8 were genotyped in 46 450 breast cancer cases and 42 600 controls of European origin from 41 studies participating in the BCAC as part of a custom genotyping array experiment (iCOGS). Missing genotypes and SNPs were imputed and, after quality exclusions, 501 typed and 1232 imputed SNPs were included in logistic regression models adjusting for study and ancestry principal components. The SNPs retained in the final model were investigated further in data from nine genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising in total 10 052 case and 12 575 control subjects. The most significant association signal observed in European subjects was for the imputed intronic SNP rs1830298 in ALS2CR12 (telomeric to CASP8), with per allele odds ratio and 95% confidence interval [OR (95% confidence interval, CI)] for the minor allele of 1.05 (1.03-1.07), P = 1 × 10(-5). Three additional independent signals from intronic SNPs were identified, in CASP8 (rs36043647), ALS2CR11 (rs59278883) and CFLAR (rs7558475). The association with rs1830298 was replicated in the imputed results from the combined GWAS (P = 3 × 10(-6)), yielding a combined OR (95% CI) of 1.06 (1.04-1.08), P = 1 × 10(-9). Analyses of gene expression associations in peripheral blood and normal breast tissue indicate that CASP8 might be the target gene, suggesting a mechanism involving apoptosis.