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Frequently observed phenotypes of tumours include high metabolic activity, hypoxia and poor perfusion; these act to produce an acidic microenvironment. Cellular function depends on pH homoeostasis, and thus, tumours become dependent on pH regulatory mechanisms. Many of the proteins involved in pH regulation are highly expressed in tumours, and their expression is often of prognostic significance. The more acidic tumour microenvironment also has important implications with regard to chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic interventions. In addition, we review pH-sensing mechanisms, the role of pH regulation in tumour phenotype and the use of pH regulatory mechanisms as therapeutic targets.

Original publication

DOI

10.1007/978-3-319-42118-6_5

Type

Journal article

Journal

Recent Results Cancer Res

Publication Date

2016

Volume

207

Pages

93 - 134

Keywords

Carbonic anhydrase 9, Hypoxia, Tumour, acidic microenvironment, pH regulation, Disease Progression, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Hypoxia, Neoplasms, Prognosis, Tumor Microenvironment